# -*- coding: utf-8-*- # # This file is part of stdd, the simple time display daemon, # written by Helmut Pozimski , # licensed under the 3-clause BSD license # This file was originally written by Written by Limor Fried, Kevin Townsend # and Mikey Sklar for Adafruit Industries. BSD license, # all text above must be included in any redistribution """ =========================================================================== AdafruitI2c Class =========================================================================== """ from __future__ import print_function from smbus import SMBus class AdafruitI2c(object): """ This class provides low level i2c access. """ @staticmethod def get_pi_revision(): """Gets the version number of the Raspberry Pi board""" # Courtesy quick2wire-python-api # https://github.com/quick2wire/quick2wire-python-api try: with open('/proc/cpuinfo', 'r') as file_obj: for line in file_obj: if line.startswith('Revision'): return 1 if line.rstrip()[-1] in ['1', '2'] else 2 except IOError: return 0 @staticmethod def get_pi_i2c_bus_number(): """ Gets the I2C bus number /dev/i2c# """ return 1 if AdafruitI2c.get_pi_revision() > 1 else 0 def __init__(self, address, busnum=-1, debug=False): self.address = address # By default, the correct I2C bus is auto-detected using /proc/cpuinfo # Alternatively, you can hard-code the bus version below: # self.bus = smbus.SMBus(0); # Force I2C0 (early 256MB Pi's) # self.bus = smbus.SMBus(1); # Force I2C1 (512MB Pi's) self.bus = SMBus( busnum if busnum >= 0 else AdafruitI2c.get_pi_i2c_bus_number()) self.debug = debug @staticmethod def reverse_byte_order(data): """Reverses the byte order of an int (16-bit) or long (32-bit) value""" # Courtesy Vishal Sapre byte_count = len(hex(data)[2:].replace('L', '')[::2]) val = 0 for i in range(byte_count): val = (val << 8) | (data & 0xff) data >>= 8 return val @staticmethod def err_msg(): """Raises an exception.""" raise Exception("cannot connect to device, check hardware address!") def write8(self, reg, value): """Writes an 8-bit value to the specified register/address""" try: self.bus.write_byte_data(self.address, reg, value) if self.debug: print("I2C: Wrote 0x%02X to register 0x%02X" % (value, reg)) except IOError: return self.err_msg() def write16(self, reg, value): """Writes a 16-bit value to the specified register/address pair""" try: self.bus.write_word_data(self.address, reg, value) if self.debug: print("I2C: Wrote 0x%02X to register pair 0x%02X,0x%02X" % (value, reg, reg+1)) except IOError: return self.err_msg() def write_list(self, reg, w_list): """Writes an array of bytes using I2C format""" try: if self.debug: print("I2C: Writing list to register 0x%02X:" % reg) print(w_list) self.bus.write_i2c_block_data(self.address, reg, w_list) except IOError: return self.err_msg() def read_list(self, reg, length): """Read a list of bytes from the I2C device""" try: results = self.bus.read_i2c_block_data(self.address, reg, length) if self.debug: print ("I2C: Device 0x % 02X returned the following from \ reg 0x % 02X" % (self.address, reg)) print(results) return results except IOError: return self.err_msg() def read_u8(self, reg): """Read an unsigned byte from the I2C device""" try: result = self.bus.read_byte_data(self.address, reg) if self.debug: print("I2C: Device 0x%02X returned 0x%02X from reg 0x%02X" % (self.address, result & 0xFF, reg)) return result except IOError: return self.err_msg() def read_s8(self, reg): """Reads a signed byte from the I2C device""" try: result = self.bus.read_byte_data(self.address, reg) if result > 127: result -= 256 if self.debug: print("I2C: Device 0x%02X returned 0x%02X from reg 0x%02X" % (self.address, result & 0xFF, reg)) return result except IOError: return self.err_msg() def read_u16(self, reg): """Reads an unsigned 16-bit value from the I2C device""" try: hibyte = self.read_u8(reg) lobyte = self.read_u8(reg+1) result = (hibyte << 8) + lobyte if self.debug: print("I2C: Device 0x%02X returned 0x%04X from reg 0x%02X" % ( self.address, result & 0xFFFF, reg)) return result except IOError: return self.err_msg() def read_s16(self, reg): """Reads a signed 16-bit value from the I2C device""" try: hibyte = self.read_s8(reg) lobyte = self.read_u8(reg+1) result = (hibyte << 8) + lobyte if self.debug: print("I2C: Device 0x%02X returned 0x%04X from reg 0x%02X" % (self.address, result & 0xFFFF, reg)) return result except IOError: return self.err_msg() def read_u16_rev(self, reg): """Reads an unsigned 16-bit value from the I2C device with rev byte order. """ try: lobyte = self.read_u8(reg) hibyte = self.read_u8(reg+1) result = (hibyte << 8) + lobyte if self.debug: print("I2C: Device 0x%02X returned 0x%04X from reg 0x%02X" % (self.address, result & 0xFFFF, reg)) return result except IOError: return self.err_msg() def read_s16_rev(self, reg): """Reads a signed 16-bit value from the I2C device with rev byte order. """ try: lobyte = self.read_s8(reg) hibyte = self.read_u8(reg+1) result = (hibyte << 8) + lobyte if self.debug: print("I2C: Device 0x%02X returned 0x%04X from reg 0x%02X" % ( self.address, result & 0xFFFF, reg)) return result except IOError: return self.err_msg() if __name__ == '__main__': try: BUS = AdafruitI2c(address=0) print("Default I2C bus is accessible") except: print("Error accessing default I2C bus")